IELTS Task 2 , PROBLEMS and SOLUTIONS
Type 4
Problems and Solution
Task
You have 40 minutes to answer this task. Write at least 250 words
The world is experiencing dramatic increase in population. This is causing problems not only for the underdeveloped countries but also for the industrially and developing nations. Describe some of the problems that overpopulation causes and suggest at least one possible solutions.
Give reasons for your answers and include examples from your knowledge or experience.
Key Words
1. World is experiencing
2. Dramatic increase
3. Population
4. Problems Caused by over population
5. Underdeveloped and developed countries
6. Problems and Solutions
Task Requirements
1. Possible reasons why population increases
2. What are the problems causing to developed and underdeveloped nations
3. Possible solutions
Structure
Paragraph 1 Introduction
* Paraphrase
* Thesis Sentence
Paragraph 2 Body Para 1
* Arguments ( Two causes)
* Explain the arguments (Reasons)
* 1 Example
* Conclude BP 1
Paragraph 3 Body Para 2
* Arguments (Two Solutions)
* Explain the arguments ( Reason)
* Example
* Conclusion BP2
Paragraph 4 Conclusion
* Re-phrase the Introduction
General Discussion
1. What is the importance population of a country?
Population size and structure impact the economy as well as its ability to provide social protections and access to healthcare, education, housing sanitation water food and energy.
2. What is overpopulation?
Overpopulation is an undesirable condition in which the number of existing human beings exceeds the actual carrying capacity of a state or a country. It is a situation in which the country cannot re-generate the resources used by its population. This has been the case every year since1970 and becoming more and more damaging.
3. What are the causes of overpopulation?
The world population is increasing day by day, but our supply of vital non-renewable resources are being exhausted. Many factors contribute to this unsustainable trend, including falling mortality rate, under-utilized contraception, and the lack of education for girls.
* The most obvious cause of population growth is an imbalance between birth and death. The infant mortality rate has decreased substantially around the globe. At the same time, the lifespan is increasing . Both these contribute to the increase in population.
The global fertility rate has fallen and the use of contraceptive has slowly increased. However, contraceptive use is still underutilized. For example , according to the WHO, a large number of women who want to avoid pregnancy are not using modern contraceptives. The main reasons why women avoid contraceptives is religious beliefs or lack of awareness.
* Although female access to education has increased over the years, the huge gender gap remains. There is a relation between female education and fertility rate. Moreover, the increase female education can decrease early marriages and fertility rate. Thus, the lack of female education is one of the causes of overpopulation.
4. What are the solutions of overpopulation
* Family planning is the best measure to keep the population in check. It can be best accomplished by ensuring proper spacing between the births of children.
* Family planning includes limiting the number of children as per the income and resources of the family. It is essential to increase resources.
* The governments must educate the public through media about the horrors of over population.
* Better education can help implement social change which can curb overpopulation.
* Sex education should be made mandatory in schools so that students learn about everything they need to know.
* Empowering women is essential , so they can break out poverty.
Problems caused by Overpopulation
An increase in population in population will inevitably create pressures leading to more deforestation, decreased biodiversity, and spikes in pollution and emission which will exacerbate climate change. Moreover, it has the potential to trigger an increase in violence and political unrest. For example wars are fought over water, land and energy in the Middle East and other regions and this turmoil is likely to increase as global population grows
Sample Essay
Paragraph 1 Introduction
The exponential growth in the field of healthcare sector has resulted in an explosion of population globally. (Paraphrase) This essay will dwell on the effects of it including the shortage of food and scarcity in the basic amenities. However, these challenges can be addressed proactively by the governments and mass education. (Thesis)
Glossary
Exponential: Increased, mounting, rampant, augmented, spreading, expanding
Shortage: Lack, deficit, shortfall, dearth, paucity, scarcity
Amenity: Facility, advantage, comfort, convenience.
Addressed: Handled, managed, negotiated, solved, resolved
Proactively: Cautiously, carefully, foresightedly. careful
Paragraph 2 Body Para 1
To embark on, one of the crucial problems caused by the increase in population is the acute shortage of food. (problem 1). As the population increases, more and more food is to be produced to feed the hungry mouths, which seems to be impossible because there is no corresponding increase in the arable land. (Reason) Moreover, it would engender the deficit of the natural resources, which have already started depleting. ( Problem 2) For example, there are several countries around the world, which import food and any increase in population will be a fatal blow to them. (Example) Thus, the escalating population will affect the very existence of human life. (Conclusion BP1)
Glossary
1. Crucial: Pivotal, key, critical, significant, important, urgent, momentous
2. Hungry mouths: Starving population, famishing people.
3. Arable: Fertile, productive, fecund, tillable, cultivatable.
4. Engender: Produce, cause, create, generate, make, lead to, excite, breed.
5. Deplete: Exhaust, drain, reduce, spend, slash, consume, abate.
6. Fatal: Deadly, lethal, mortal, disastrous, devastating, baleful, baneful
7. Escalating: Increasing, soaring, expanding, climbing, proliferating
Paragraph 3 Body Para 2
However, the problems produced by overpopulation are not without any solutions. The governments and NGOs should act prudently to counter the threats caused by the ever increasing population. (Solution) . Food production can be escalated by the effective use of technology and social media can be utilised to impart mass education.(Reason) For instance, we cannot ignore the colossal impact of social media in educating the public during the pandemic days. (Example). Therefore, those problems caused by the population explosion can be addressed judiciously. (Conclusion BP2)
Glossary
1. Prudently: Wisely, sensibly, judiciously, fairly, justifiably, carefully
2. Counter: Oppose, fight, combat, meet, resist, repel, block, parry
3. Colossal: Huge, massive, enormous, titanic, vast, immense, herculian
Paragraph 4 Conclusion
To conclude, overpopulation has created in multiple problems for the people and resources everywhere. However, these problems can be effectively dealt with by educating the public about birth control and sustainable lifestyle. (Introduction re-phrased)
Glossary
Sustainable: Rational, legitimate, viable, affordable, credible, feasible
Other Possible Questions based on the the general statement.
[The world is experiencing dramatic increase in population. This is causing problems not only to the under developing countries but also for the under developed nations].
1. Some people say that overpopulation causes problems for both developed and undeveloped countries. Do you agree or disagree?
2. Do you think the advantages of overpopulation outweigh the disadvantages?
3. Some people say that overpopulation causes problems, whereas others say that it can be useful. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
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